{"id":58065,"date":"2010-04-24T14:22:00","date_gmt":"2010-04-24T12:22:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.wedos.cz\/?p=58065"},"modified":"2021-02-03T14:23:45","modified_gmt":"2021-02-03T13:23:45","slug":"management-serveru-bmc","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.wedos.com\/cs\/management-serveru-bmc","title":{"rendered":"Management server\u016f (BMC)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Modern\u00ed serverov\u00fd hardware se spravuje zcela jinak ne\u017e jak tomu bylo p\u0159ed lety. Servery maj\u00ed management integrovan\u00fd p\u0159\u00edmo na z\u00e1kladn\u00ed desce (BMC) a v\u0161e se ovl\u00e1d\u00e1 p\u0159es webov\u00e9 rozhran\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<!--more-->\n\n\n\n<p>Modern\u00ed serverov\u00fd hardware m\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edmo na z\u00e1kladn\u00ed desce integrov\u00e1n tzv.&nbsp;<strong>BMC (Baseboard management controller)<\/strong>. Je to v podstat\u011b \u010dip, kter\u00fd sleduje nejr\u016fzn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed parametry hardwaru (stav, teploty, ot\u00e1\u010dky, nap\u011bt\u00ed, spot\u0159eba, r\u016fzn\u00e9 ud\u00e1losti) a um\u00ed jej ovl\u00e1dat (zap\u00ednat, vyp\u00ednat, m\u011bnit nastaven\u00ed).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>BMC p\u0159\u00edmo nab\u00edz\u00ed&nbsp;<strong>webov\u00e9 rozhran\u00ed<\/strong>, p\u0159es kter\u00e9 se ke v\u0161em t\u011bmto funkc\u00edm dostanete. Podstatn\u00e9 je, \u017ee toto<strong>&nbsp;BMC je zcela nez\u00e1visl\u00e9 na CPU a na opera\u010dn\u00edm syst\u00e9mu<\/strong>&nbsp;a b\u011b\u017e\u00ed i kdy\u017e je server vypnut\u00fd. Sta\u010d\u00ed, kdy je zapojeno nap\u00e1jen\u00ed, a BMC b\u011b\u017e\u00ed. Samoz\u0159ejm\u011b to &#8222;\u017eere&#8220; n\u011bkolik Watt\u016f energie nav\u00edc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>To ale nen\u00ed v\u0161e. Krom\u011b webov\u00e9ho rozhran\u00ed BMC v\u011bt\u0161inou zp\u0159\u00edstup\u0148uje tak\u00e9&nbsp;<strong>KVM (Keyboard, Video, Mouse)<\/strong>. P\u0159es aplikaci ve va\u0161em po\u010d\u00edta\u010di (v\u011bt\u0161inou je to Java aplikace) se dostanete k monitoru serveru a m\u016f\u017eete jej ovl\u00e1dat svou kl\u00e1vesnic\u00ed a my\u0161\u00ed. A k tomu je mo\u017en\u00e9 na d\u00e1lku p\u0159ipojit CD\/DVD \u010di USB za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed (remote storage). Podrobn\u011bji o KVM v n\u011bkter\u00e9m z dal\u0161\u00edch \u010dl\u00e1nk\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Spadl v\u00e1m opera\u010dn\u00ed syst\u00e9m? Od\u0159\u00edzli jste se omylem chybou v konfiguraci s\u00edt\u011b nebo firewallu na serveru? Nevad\u00ed, nemus\u00edte nikam chodit. P\u0159es BMC server na d\u00e1lku zrestartujete nebo se dostanete na monitor a tedy tak\u00e9 do konzole opera\u010dn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu. A to ze sv\u00e9 \u017eidle v kancel\u00e1\u0159i, anebo z domova. Nemus\u00edte k serveru chodit ani kdy\u017e pot\u0159ebujete pou\u017e\u00edt n\u011bjak\u00e9 instala\u010dn\u00ed CD. To v\u0161e samoz\u0159ejm\u011b radik\u00e1ln\u011b sni\u017euje dobu pot\u0159ebnou k vy\u0159e\u0161en\u00ed poruch &#8211; lze to ud\u011blat na d\u00e1lku odkudkoliv, kde je Internet, nemus\u00ed se nikam b\u011bhat, technici nejsou vystavov\u00e1ni pr\u016fvanu klimatizace v serverovn\u011b. Ale tak\u00e9 to technik\u016fm sebere posledn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost k pohybu v pracovn\u00ed dob\u011b \ud83d\ude42<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Cel\u00e9mu tomuto zp\u016fsobu spr\u00e1vy hardware se \u0159\u00edk\u00e1&nbsp;<strong>IPMI (Intelligent Platform Management Interface)<\/strong>, co\u017e je standard, kter\u00fd tyto v\u011bc\u00ed \u0159e\u0161\u00ed obecn\u011b, definuje pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 protokoly, zp\u016fsob komunikace BMC se zbytkem hardware aj.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Krom\u011b webov\u00e9ho rozhran\u00ed jsou k dispozici tak\u00e9 r\u016fzn\u00e9 protokoly, kter\u00e9 umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed s BMC komunikovat z jin\u00e9ho software. Tak\u017ee si pak m\u016f\u017eete naprogramovat sv\u016fj syst\u00e9m, kter\u00fd bude server\u016fm pos\u00edlat p\u0159\u00edkazy, zji\u0161\u0165ovat jejich stav, parametry a dal\u0161\u00ed. Samoz\u0159ejm\u011b je zde i protokol&nbsp;<strong>SNMP<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Server lze nakonfigurovat na zas\u00edl\u00e1n\u00ed e-mailov\u00fdch informativn\u00edch a chybov\u00fdch hl\u00e1\u0161ek. Tak\u017ee kdy\u017e n\u011bjak\u00e1 sou\u010d\u00e1st za\u010dne b\u00fdt poruchov\u00e1 nebo se rozbije, tak o tom okam\u017eit\u011b v\u00edme a nav\u00edc se z e-mailu dozv\u00edme p\u0159esn\u011b kter\u00e1 komponenta m\u00e1 probl\u00e9m a nemus\u00edme to slo\u017eit\u011b zji\u0161\u0165ovat a dedukovat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>U server\u016f&nbsp;<strong>Fujitsu<\/strong>, kter\u00e9 vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1me v na\u0161em datov\u00e9m centru, je BMC samoz\u0159ejmost\u00ed, a to i u t\u011bch nejni\u017e\u0161\u00edch serverov\u00fdch \u0159ad. Tak\u017ee bude k dispozici z\u00e1kazn\u00edk\u016fm tak\u00e9 u dedikovan\u00fdch server\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Management server\u016f tedy m\u00e1, nab\u00edz\u00ed a umo\u017e\u0148uje:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159es webov\u00e9 rozhran\u00ed (HTTP, HTTPS)<\/li><li>pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159es protokol IPMI<\/li><li>pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159es protokol SNMP<\/li><li>pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159es SSH<\/li><li>u\u017eivatelsk\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dty s r\u016fzn\u00fdmi opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00edmi<\/li><li>sledovat stav v\u011btr\u00e1\u010dk\u016f &#8211; ot\u00e1\u010dky, teplota, poruchy<\/li><li>sledovat nap\u011bt\u00ed<\/li><li>sledovat spot\u0159ebu energie &#8211; aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed stav, historie<\/li><li>zjistit komponenty hardware &#8211; jejich parametry, stav, s\u00e9riov\u00e1 \u010d\u00edsla aj.<\/li><li>zap\u00ednat, vyp\u00ednat, restartovat<\/li><li>pl\u00e1novan\u00e9 zap\u00edn\u00e1n\u00ed a vyp\u00edn\u00e1n\u00ed &#8211; v kolik hodin se m\u00e1 server zapnout \u010di vypnout<\/li><li>zas\u00edl\u00e1n\u00ed e-mailov\u00fdch informa\u010dn\u00edch a chybov\u00fdch hl\u00e1\u0161ek<\/li><li>log v\u0161ech ud\u00e1lost\u00ed<\/li><li>KVM &#8211; monitor, kl\u00e1vesnice a my\u0161, vzd\u00e1len\u00e9 p\u0159ipojen\u00ed CD\/DVD, USB<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>To v\u0161e dohromady je dal\u0161\u00ed z mnoha d\u016fvod\u016f, pro\u010d jsme dok\u00e1zali sn\u00ed\u017eit n\u00e1klady &#8211; je pot\u0159eba m\u00e9n\u011b \u010dasu na instalace a opravy, zvl\u00e1dneme to rychleji a efektivn\u011bji, tak\u017ee pot\u0159ebujeme m\u00e9n\u011b technik\u016f.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Modern\u00ed serverov\u00fd hardware se spravuje zcela jinak ne\u017e jak tomu bylo p\u0159ed lety. Servery maj\u00ed management integrovan\u00fd p\u0159\u00edmo na z\u00e1kladn\u00ed desce (BMC) a v\u0161e se ovl\u00e1d\u00e1 p\u0159es webov\u00e9 rozhran\u00ed.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[16],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-58065","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-sluzby"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.wedos.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/58065","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.wedos.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.wedos.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.wedos.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.wedos.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=58065"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/blog.wedos.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/58065\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":58067,"href":"https:\/\/blog.wedos.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/58065\/revisions\/58067"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.wedos.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=58065"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.wedos.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=58065"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.wedos.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=58065"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}